We generally divide the building, bridges, water tanks or any other structures among members. This decides the members based on their behaviour. Here behaviour means how that member is resisting the load. In this article, we will learn the design steps of different members.
Hence we design the complete building in different parts. In each part, we select one member. The order of selection of member and their connectivity from one member to another is a matter of concern.
Different components of RCC building
To understand this concept let’s discuss the RCC building design in this section. You can consider a simple structure as given in the figure. This is the simple RCC structure with one room.
The top roof of the building is a slab. The slab behaves as the flexure member and resists the load with flexure action. This slab is resting over the beams. Do you know that these beams are also flexure members? These beams transfer their load to the columns. Columns are compression members and hence designed for that. These columns finally transfer the load to the footing and they transfer it to the ground.
Members and their design steps
After learning the basic behavioural philosophy we will now see what are the design steps of the members. The slabs are basically divided into one-way and two-way slabs based on their behaviour.
Hence we will discuss the slabs in the following articles:
After learning how to design slabs now we will try to learn how to design the beams. Beams are also categorised in different categories so that we can simplify the design process.
The following categories of beams we will design:
- Design of singly reinforced beam
- Design of doubly reinforced beams
- Design of T beams
- Design of L beams
The beam transfers the load to columns. Hence next in the series is the design of columns. The design of the column varies based on the type of load coming into the column.
Based on the loading the columns are divided into following categories:
- Design of axially loaded colunm
- Design of uniaxial loaded column
- Design of by axially loaded column
Footing is the last unit in the building design which transfer all loads of the building to the ground. Footings are also categorised based on their depth of placement from the ground level.
We divide the footings into following categories:
- Deep foundation
- Well foundation
- Pile foundation
- Shallow foundation
- Isolated column footings
- combined footings
- Raft foundation
Conclusion
The building which we have constructed form the RCC is considered in the present article. The basic components of building and their behaviour is the same for any design subject. The material changes the design philosophy.
In this article we have learned following points:
- Components of building: Building can be divided into different components. These components are separated on the basis of their load carrying mechanism.
- Design of building: The design of the RCC building is completed by designing the different components separately.
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